micropython: add micropython component

2022-09-29 12:10:37 +08:00
parent 1514f1cb9b
commit dd76146324
2679 changed files with 354110 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/components/language/micropython/docs/pyboard/tutorial/accel.rst
+++ b/components/language/micropython/docs/pyboard/tutorial/accel.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+The accelerometer
+=================
+
+Here you will learn how to read the accelerometer and signal using LEDs states like tilt left and tilt right.
+
+Using the accelerometer
+-----------------------
+
+The pyboard has an accelerometer (a tiny mass on a tiny spring) that can be used
+to detect the angle of the board and motion. There is a different sensor for
+each of the x, y, z directions. To get the value of the accelerometer, create a
+pyb.Accel() object and then call the x() method. ::
+
+    >>> accel = pyb.Accel()
+    >>> accel.x()
+    7
+
+This returns a signed integer with a value between around -30 and 30. Note that
+the measurement is very noisy, this means that even if you keep the board
+perfectly still there will be some variation in the number that you measure.
+Because of this, you shouldn't use the exact value of the x() method but see if
+it is in a certain range.
+
+We will start by using the accelerometer to turn on a light if it is not flat. ::
+
+    accel = pyb.Accel()
+    light = pyb.LED(3)
+    SENSITIVITY = 3
+
+    while True:
+        x = accel.x()
+        if abs(x) > SENSITIVITY:
+            light.on()
+        else:
+            light.off()
+
+        pyb.delay(100)
+
+We create Accel and LED objects, then get the value of the x direction of the
+accelerometer. If the magnitude of x is bigger than a certain value ``SENSITIVITY``,
+then the LED turns on, otherwise it turns off. The loop has a small ``pyb.delay()``
+otherwise the LED flashes annoyingly when the value of x is close to
+``SENSITIVITY``. Try running this on the pyboard and tilt the board left and right
+to make the LED turn on and off.
+
+**Exercise: Change the above script so that the blue LED gets brighter the more
+you tilt the pyboard.  HINT: You will need to rescale the values, intensity goes
+from 0-255.**
+
+Making a spirit level
+---------------------
+
+The example above is only sensitive to the angle in the x direction but if we
+use the ``y()`` value and more LEDs we can turn the pyboard into a spirit level. ::
+
+    xlights = (pyb.LED(2), pyb.LED(3))
+    ylights = (pyb.LED(1), pyb.LED(4))
+
+    accel = pyb.Accel()
+    SENSITIVITY = 3
+
+    while True:
+        x = accel.x()
+        if x > SENSITIVITY:
+            xlights[0].on()
+            xlights[1].off()
+        elif x < -SENSITIVITY:
+            xlights[1].on()
+            xlights[0].off()
+        else:
+            xlights[0].off()
+            xlights[1].off()
+
+        y = accel.y()
+        if y > SENSITIVITY:
+            ylights[0].on()
+            ylights[1].off()
+        elif y < -SENSITIVITY:
+            ylights[1].on()
+            ylights[0].off()
+        else:
+            ylights[0].off()
+            ylights[1].off()
+
+        pyb.delay(100)
+
+We start by creating a tuple of LED objects for the x and y directions. Tuples
+are immutable objects in python which means they can't be modified once they are
+created. We then proceed as before but turn on a different LED for positive and
+negative x values. We then do the same for the y direction. This isn't
+particularly sophisticated but it does the job. Run this on your pyboard and you
+should see different LEDs turning on depending on how you tilt the board.